Analysis of beeswax adulteration with paraffin using GC/MS, FTIR-ATR and Raman spectroscopy

It is generally known that beeswax is falsified, and adulterated waxes are increasingly appearing in markets. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy techniques were used to assess changes in the composition of n-alkanes, fatty acids, monoesters, methyl esters, hydroxy esters, and carboxylic acids caused by the adulteration of beeswax by paraffin addition. Both the calibration (pure
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